The Role of the State in the era of Globalization
Globalization has become one of the most defining forces of the 21st century, reshaping political, economic, social and cultural processes worldwide. This article examines how globalization transforms the role of the state, drawing on major theoretical perspectives, including liberal, realist and radical approaches, as well as debates on regionalization and global governance. The analysis shows that while globalization reduces the exclusivity of state sovereignty by increasing the influence of international organizations, transnational corporations and civil society actors, it does not eliminate the state as a central institution in world politics. Instead, states adapt to new global conditions by renegotiating sovereignty, participating in supranational structures and engaging in regional organizations. The impact of globalization on state power is not uniform; it varies according to the developmental stage and structural capacity of individual states. Rather than signalling the decline of the nation-state, globalization produces a reconfiguration of state functions in a more interconnected and interdependent international system.
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