Porcelain Publishing / JHC / Volume 9 / Issue 2 / DOI: 10.47297/wspjhc2025090208
ARTICLE

Suspend Animal Pain Without Moral Indifference

Wei Jiang1 Yingying Li1
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1 School of Marxism, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China
Published: 31 December 2025
© 2025 by the Author(s). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Abstract

Pain is essentially an subjective experience, which makes third-person judgments about others’ pain inherently lack the first-person authority. It is particularly difficult for humans to confirm the pain of non-human animals, dual to the third-person perspective and the cross-species attempt. Confirmation differs from speculation. Although behaviors, neurophysiological states, and evolutionary reason can be used for speculating about animal pain, they cannot be regarded as solid bases for confirming animal pain. Therefore, suspending animal pain is a relatively cautious epistemological attitude. This suspension can prevent us from making erroneous judgments about animal pain and avoid treating animals in an anthropocentric way. It does not imply moral indifference towards animals, nor does it oppose animal assistance actions; rather, it advocates returning to animals as much as possible and, in an effort to free us from human perspectives, demonstrates real respect and care for animals.

Keywords
Animals
Pain
Confirmation
Suspension
Moral
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Journal of Human Cognition, Electronic ISSN: 2753-5215 Print ISSN: 2515-4699, Published by Porcelain Publishing