On the basis of organizing and summarizing the relationship between folk culture and modern and contemporary Chinese literature,the theories and methods of Archetypal Folk Criticism have been developed within the research scope of contemporary Chinese literature. Rooted in rich experience of literary history, those theories and methods have remoulded Archetypal Literary Criticism advanced by Western academic circles and put it into practice in light of Chinese characteristics. Compared to Archetypal Literary Criticism, Archetypal Folk Criticism has attached more importance to the innovative functions and meanings of Archetypes,been inclined to tap into the local aesthetics consciousness of writers and further contributed to the understanding of the relations among the nativeness,nationality and cosmopolitanism of contemporary Chinese literature.Conducting research into Archetypal Folk Criticism can not only present the folk cultural traditions and aesthetic forms and aesthetic characteristics of contemporary Chinese literature but also probe into the generating laws, local characteristics and aesthetic mechanisms of contemporary Chinese literature and re-New Explorations of Archetypal Folk Criticism: Explanations for a few Theoretical Issues ofthe Research Subject“Contemporary Chinese Literature and Folk Culture” veal its internal impetus and spiritual resources in the process of growth, thus boosting thedevelopment ofliterature.